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First factor the each term in the expression.

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42x3y 2 · 3 · 7 · x · x · x · y

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70xy2 2 · 5 · 7 · x · y · y

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The GCF is the product of the common prime factors in each term.

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GCF = 2 · 7 · x · y = 14xy \"\"

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The greatest common factor of 42x3y and 70xy2 is 14xy.