The function is .

The function is a cosine function.

The standard form of the cosine function is .

Graph :

Graph of the sine function :

The function is .

Now substitute instead of in the cosine function.

.

So .

Horizontal shrink: , shrink the graph of horizontally by a factor of .

Therefore, is the graph of horizontally shrink by a factor of .

Graph :

Graph of the function .

(1) Draw the coordinate plane.

(2) Graph of the function .

(3) Shrink the graph of horizontally by a factor of .

The function is .

The function is a modulus function.

For a modulus function, all negative values of are considered as positive.

So the portion of below axis is reflect about the axis.

Graph :

Graph of the function :

(1) Draw the coordinate plane.

(2) Graph of the function .

(3) The portion  below axis is reflected about the axis.

Graph of the function is

.